ABSTRACT
Background: Rabies is one of zoonotic viral disease, estimated to cause 59000 human deaths annually in over 150 countries, of which 20,000 are from India alone; about 40% of which are in children under the age of 15. Rabies though 100% fatal is preventable with post-exposure prophylaxis which includes wound washing, anti-rabies vaccination and rabies immunoglobulin. Objective: To describe the clinico-social profile of animal bite patients attending the anti-rabies clinic of BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the anti-rabies clinic of Nehru hospital, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur from January 2022 to May 2022. Study participants were interviewed by using a pre-phrased, pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire. Data regarding socio-demographic and clinical profile of the study participants following animal bite exposure was collected. Results: The total number of animal bite victims were 250, in which majority of them were males (76.77%) and highest percentage was of adult population (20-59 years). Maximum number of victims were from rural area (78.70%). 19.35% were working and 39.35% were students. 77.43% were category III bites and in 50.96% cases lower limb was the site of bite and dogs were responsible for 89.67% of the bites. 60.64% victims did not wash the wound properly before reaching the anti-rabies clinic. Conclusion: This study concludes that as majority of the animal bite victims were students and majority of victims were unaware about the importance of wound care, therefore a step can be taken to create awareness in various schools.
ABSTRACT
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and a leading cause of death worldwide, including in India. Breast cancer usually shows a slow development rate, and when recognized in the early stages, successful treatment results can be achieved. Breast self-examination is a screening option for young women. Objective: To assess the impact of health education on knowledge and attitude of self-breast examination among nursing students. Study Design: The present interventional study was conducted between September and October 2019. Setting: This study was done among 79 nursing students of a tertiary care hospital situated in a central district of Uttar Pradesh. Main Outcome Measures: The self-reported pre-designed and structured questionnaire was used. It included three sections Sociodemographic profile Knowledge regarding self-breast examination (SBE) 3. Attitude regarding self-breast examination (SBE). Knowledge and attitude scores were calculated and divided into the poor, average, and good categories. Results: There were 87.3% of girls had prior knowledge of the self-breast examination, while 12.7% of girls were not aware of the self-breast examination. Postintervention, there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in their knowledge about self-breast examination. Conclusion: Planned teaching intervention had a significant impact on the knowledge and attitude of self-breast examination.
ABSTRACT
Background: Dengue fever has become a major public health concern in our country, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Because there is no definite drug or commercially available vaccine for dengue, prevention is the only option. As a result, early reporting of dengue cases is required in order to implement preventive measures before the disease spreads to epidemic proportions. Therefore, healthcare providers should notify every dengue incident to local authorities in the current format, including the District Health Officer or Chief Medical Officer of district concerned and the Municipal Health Officer of municipality concerned every week (daily during the transmission period). Materials and Methods: The data on dengue (2015-2021 till Oct.) was available at the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme under the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, and has been used in this paper. Results and discussion: During the last two decades (2000-2009 and 2010-2019), significant geographical spread of the dengue has been experienced in India with the repeated outbreaks, and an 11 fold increase in number of cases. Despite an increase in the incidence of dengue fever, the case fatality rate in India has decreased from 3.3% in 1996 to 0.4% in 2010 to 0.1% in 2019. Early diagnosis and timely referral play a critical role in bringing down Case Fatality Rate (CFR). Conclusion: Dengue is a manifestation arising from the process of increasing vector density and adaptation to human habitation, as well as human lifestyle transformation, unplanned developmental activities exacerbated by climate change.
ABSTRACT
Background: Nurses are the most vital part of the health system. Having adequate knowledge, awareness and desired clinical skills among them can decrease the risk of infection or complications, can shorten the stay of patients in hospital, decrease the morbidity and mortality of patients and decrease the disease burden.Material & Methods- Nursing staff from the wards of a private tertiary care hospital were interviewed for knowledge and observed for skill assessment. Aim & Objective: To assess the knowledge, skills and practices of nursing staff working in a tertiary care hospital. Results: Knowledge of nurses is good regarding routine investigations, universal precautions, work ethics but poor in pharmacovigilance. Nurses are found to be good having skills in patient care, clinical skills but are poor in practice of biomedical waste management and vital monitoring. Nurses are having good communication with patient &doctors but response time on patients’ call is more.Conclusion: Retraining of nursing staff at regular intervals to upgrade their knowledge regarding universal precautions, work ethics, bio medical waste management and improve upon clinical skills should be made mandatory in a hospital setting.